Cell injury UG

ESSAY QUESTIONS
   
  1. a. Define apoptosis  b. enumerate in detail about the pathways of apoptosis  c. what are the other methods of cell death (NTRUHS, Feb 2022)
  2. Define necrosis. Describe various types of necrosis giving examples (RGUHS – Jan 2008)
  3. Describe biochemical and molecular mechanisms of cell injury.Discuss morphological features of necrosis. (RGUHS Jun 2011)
                    
SHORT QUESTIONS 
  1.  Differentiating features of Necrosis and Apoptosis ( YSRUHS, April 2024, NTRUHS Jan 2014)
  2. Describe different types of cellular adaptations to stress with examples (RGUHS Feb 2023)
  3. Apoptosis (NTRUHS Dec 2022)
  4. Metaplasia (NTRUHS Dec 2022)
  5. Define necrosis. Explain in detail on various types of necrosis (NTRUHS, Feb 2022)
  6. Explain briefly on intracellular accumulation of pigments (NTRUHS, Feb 2022)
  7. Describe mechanism and morphological changes of apoptosis (SVIMS Oct 2021)
  8. Metaplasia (NTRUHS, march 2021) 
  9. Pathological calcification ( RGUHS Dec 2018, NTRUHS Sep 2003,Dec2012)
  10. Gangrenous necrosis with emphasis on the differences between dry and wet gangrene (Pondicherry university 2018)
  11. Tabulate the differences between necrosis and degeneration (NTRUHS Feb 2017)
  12. Mechanisms of apoptosis  ( NTRUHS Jan 2015, RGUHS Jan 2008)
  13. Define necrosis. Mention and define types of necrosis giving examples (RGUHS 2013,Jun 2011,  Jul 2008, Jan 2009, Dec 2013,  NTRUHS Feb 2009,Jul 2012)
  14. Free radicals (NTRUHS July 2013)
  15. Role of free radicals in cell injury (RGUHS,Dec 2013, NTRUHS May 2007, Oct 2004)
  16. Contrasting features of apoptosis and necrosis (NTRUHS March 2010)
  17. Gangrene and its types (NTRUHS Oct  2008,Dec 2012, RGUHS- Jun 2013)
  18. Fatty Liver (NTRUHS Sept/Oct  2007)
  19. Dystrophic calcification (RGUHS, Jan 2008,Jan 2009, Jul 2012,Jun 2013)
  20. Define and types of hyperplasia (RGUHS, July 2008)
  21. Metaplasia (NTRUHS August 2009, May 2006, RGUHS- Jun 2009)
  22. Giant cells (NTRUHS April 2008, May 2006, April 2006)
  23. Apoptosis (NTRUHS May 2004)
  24. Hypertrophy (NTRUHS Dec 2013)
  25. Exogenous and endogenous pigment (RGUHS- Jun 2011, Dec 2013)
  26. Hypertrophy and hyperplasia (RGUHS- Jun2010)
  27. Coagulative necrosis (RGUHS, Dec 2009)
  28. Pigment metabolism (RGUHS- Dec 2009)
  29. Calcification with Examples (RGUHS-Jan 2009)
  30. Fat necrosis ( RGUHS – Jun2012)
  31. Free radical injury (RGUHS- Jun 2008)
  32. Apoptosis and its mechanism (RGUHS- Jun 2009, Jan 2008)
  33. Pathogenesis of Apoptosis (RGUHS- Dec 2009)
VERY SHORT  QUESTIONS (2 MARKS)
  1. Russell bodies (NTRUHS, march 2021)
  2. Name four types of necrosis with one example each (NTRUHS July 2019, Feb 2018, July 2016, July 2013)
  3. Morphological changes in apoptosis (NTRUHS Feb 2019)
  4. Metaplasia– Definition. Give 4 examples (RGUHS Dec 2018, NTRUHS August,Feb 2009, RGUHS Dec 2013, Jan 2008, Jun 2009)
  5. What is necrosis (Definition) (Dec 2013,RGUHS-Jan 2008)
  6. Define necrosis, give types with examples (RGUHS-Jan 2008,Jan 2009)
  7. Definition,Types&Four examples of hyperplasia ( NTRUHS Jan 2015, RGUHS- Jun 2008)
  8. Name four main components of extracellular matrix (NTRUHS Jan 2013)
  9. Name four morphologic changes (cytoplasmic & Nuclear) in necrotic cell ( NTRUHS Jan 2013)
  10. Lipofuscin (NTRUHS July 2013)
  11. Autophagy (NTRUHS Jan 2012)
  12. Name four special fat stains (NTRUHS Jan 2016, July 2012, Jun 2009)
  13. Hypertrophy and Hyperplasia  (NTRUHS July 2011)
  14. Pathogenesis of dystrophic calcification (NTRUHS Jan 2011, RGUHS- Jun 2009)
  15. “Tabycat” appearances of heart (Tigered effect) (NTRUHS March 2010)
  16. Metastatic calcification ( RGUHS  Jan 2008)
  17. Lipofuscin  pigment (Jul 2012,RGUHS, Jan 2008)
  18. Types of calcifications  (RGUHS, Jan 2008)
  19. Enumerate exogenous and endogenous pigment (RGUHS, July 2008)
  20. Define hyaline change with examples (RGUHS, July 2008)
  21. Various types of giant cells (NTRUHS Aug 2009)
  22. Dysplasia (NTRUHS April 2005)
  23. Atrophy (NTRUHS April 2005,RGUHS Jun 2012)
  24. Ochronosis (RGUHS Dec 2013)
  25. What is gangrene ( RGUHS- Jan 2009)
  26. Wet Gangrene (July 2012)
  27. Gas gangrene (RGUHS- Jun2008)
  28. Colliquative necrosis (RGUHS Jun 2011)
  29. Caseous necrosis (RGUHS Jun 2010)
  30. Fatty change (RGUHS- Jun 2009)
  31. Calcification with Examples (RGUHS-Jan 2008)
  32. 4 Examples of endogenous pigment ( RGUHS- Jan 2009)
  33. Fat necrosis ( RGUHS – Jun2008)
  34. What is Apoptosis (RGUHS- Jun 2009)
  35. Antioxidants (RGUHS-Jun 2009)
  36. Brown Atrophy of the heart (RGUHS – Jan 2009)
  37. What are free radicals (RGUHS- Dec 2009)