OPPURTUNISTIC INFECTIONS IN AIDS
- AIDS is caused by retrovirus, human immunodeficiency virus(HIV)
- It is characterized by immune suppression that leads to opportunistic infections, secondary neoplasms and neurologic manifestations
Oppurtunistic infections occurring in AIDS
- Bacterial infections
- Mycobacterium tuberculosis – pulmonary and extrapulmonary involvement
- Mycobacterium avium intracellulare – disseminated extra pulmonary involvement
- Nocardiosis – pneumonia, meningitis and disseminated infections
- Salmonella infection
- Viral infection
- Cytomegalovirus – commonly chorioretinitis, gastrointestinal infections and disseminated disease
- Herpes simplex virus – disseminated disease
- Varicella zoster virus – disseminated diesase
- Human polyoma virus causing Progressive multifocal encephalopathy
- Fungal infection
- Pneumocystosis – pneumonia
- Candidiasis – esophageal , tracheal or pulmonary
- Cryptococcosis – CNS infection
- Coccidiodomycosis – disseminated infection
- Histoplasmosis – disseminated infection
- Protozoal and helminthic infections
- Cryptosporidiosis or isosporidiosis – enteritis
- Toxoplasmosis – pneumonia or CNS infection
Reference
Kumar Abbas, Abul K. Abbas, Jon C Aster. Robbins and Cotran Pathologic´Basis of Disease. 9 edition.